Fiber Optic Cabling For Beginners

Everyone knows that a structured cabling systemprotection to the entire cable. For inside plant
is the foundation of every business network,installation, fiber ribbon-cable systems are also
providing connectivity between servers,frequently used. Ribbon cables have a flat
computers, and other network devices andribbon-like configuration that allows installers to
allowing both voice and data to be sent worldwide.conserve conduit space as they install more
When it comes to data cabling, there are differentcables in a particular conduit.o Outside plant -
mediums available to carry that data, transferringWhen installing fiber optic cable either outside or
it from point A to point B. Traditionally, twistedunderground, an outside plant fiber optic cabling
pair copper cable has been and is still currentlysystem is used. Outside plant fiber cabling
used as the most common form of structuredsystems are composed of individual gel-filled
data cabling, transmitting data through coppersubunit buffer tubes which are placed around a
wires. As technology continues to advancecentral core strength member. Within each subunit
however, and the demand for faster, morebuffer tube, buffer coated fibers are placed
advanced methods of networking grows, fiberaround a strength member. A binder that contains
optic cabling is quickly on its way to becoming thea water-blocking compound encloses all of the
next generation standard in data cabling.subunit buffer tubes, which is then enclosed by an
Benefits of fiber optic cabling include:o Longerouter strength member usually composed of
distances - Signals carried through fiber optic cablearamid yarn. Corrugated steel is used to provide
can go up to 50 times longer than those usingphysical protection and acts as an external
copper wires due to low attenuation (signal loss)strength member, placed between an inner MDPE
rates, without requiring a signal repeater tojacket and an outer HDPE jacket.
maintain the integrity of the signal over longSo now that you have a general understanding of
distances as copper wire cables do.o Intrusionthe different types of fiber optic cable, you can
prevention - With copper wire cable systems, it isdecide which specific devices are appropriate for
possible to remotely detect a signal beingyour particular installation. For example, say you
broadcast over the cable, which can presentare having a fiber optic system installed to be run
unwanted security loopholes. This is not an issuefor more than 375 feet through a warehouse.
with fiber optic cable as its dielectric nature makesThis length is too long for a copper wire cable
remote detection impossible, and gaining access tosystem to carry data, but multi-mode fiber can
the fiber itself would require a physical interventionhandle it easily. An indoor plant installation would be
that would be easily thwarted by a well placedsuitable for this situation, since the cable is being
surveillance system.o Installation improvements -run indoors with no environmental variables to
Longer lengths, smaller diameter, and lighterworry about. In order to interface your new fiber
weight of fiber optic cable make installation andoptic system with an existing Ethernet system,
upgrades easy and less costly than with copperyou will either need to use a dedicated switch or
cables.o Higher bandwidth and data transfer ratesmedia converter, or a switch with GBIC (gigabit
- With wider bandwidth, more data is able to beinterface converter) modules. This will convert
transferred at a much faster speed. This allowselectric signals to optical signals, and vice versa,
for shorter download times and increasedallowing the seamless flow of data through both
network efficiency.o EMI Immunity - Fiber opticof the cable mediums. Next, it is important to
cables can be installed in areas with highdecide which method of protection you are going
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), as theto use for the fiber optic cable. The two available
absence of metallic wiring makes the cableoptions are: running the fiber through an innerduct
completely immune to EMI.to house and protect the fiber, or using armored
Depending on your specific data cablingfiber which has built in protection. Both are good
requirements, there are two different types ofmethods of protection.
fiber optic cable available to meet your needs:oPre-Installation Checklist: What you need to know
Multi-Mode fiber - Multi-mode fiber has a large core- Installing fiber through innerduct, or is armored
diameter, where light may be broadcast throughfiber a better way to go?
multiple paths on its way to its destination. This- How far is the fiber cable being run; multi-mode
gives multi-mode fiber high transmission capacity,or single-mode?
but only retaining reliability over short distances- Which method of converting the two cable
generally less than 8 miles, limited by modalsystems will be used so they may communicate?
dispersion.o Single-Mode fiber - Single-mode fiber- Is this an indoor installation, outdoor installation,
has a much smaller core diameter thanor both?
multi-mode, allowing only one path for light to beWith any investment, it is important to know that
broadcast through. Single-mode is used for longyou are getting the best value for your money.
distance transmission, well exceeding the limits ofLow system cost, combined with a longer life
multi-mode, and is not limited by modal dispersion.expectancy than copper cabling makes fiber optic
Different environments also require differentcabling the best value hands down when it comes
types of cabling systems to ensure the fiberto structured cabling. Fiber optic cabling offers a
stays in good condition. Depending on where youstructured cabling system that is designed to
are installing the cable, there are two basic typesaccommodate future applications and technological
of fiber cabling systems that can be used:o Insideadvancements, making fiber optic cabling the
plant - Inside plant fiber cabling systems are"cabling of the future". If you plan on installing a
designed for use inside a building where theydata cabling system that you want to last as long
generally have no contact with environmentalas possible and have unmatched performance,
variables. In a typical fiber inside plant cablefiber optic cabling is the way to go. California has
system, individually coated fibers are positionedseen a rapid increase in businesses opting for fiber
around a dielectric strength member core, andoptic cabling over copper wire cabling. This has
then surrounded by a subunit jacket. Aramidproven to be especially true in San Diego fiber
yarn(Kevlar) surrounds the individual subunitsoptic cabling installations. For more information on
within the cable, reinforcing tensile strength. Somethe increase in fiber optic cabling in San Diego,
inside plant fiber cabling systems have an outerthere are multiple resources accessible online.
strength member as well, meant to provide