How Landforms Affect Temperature

lobal weather is to a large extent the result ofGenerally, when a storm is intercepted by a
the sun's effect, along with the atmosphere andmountain or a terrain or buildings, its rotation
the rotation of the earth. The earth on which thismeets with an obstruction, in turn slowing it down
weather moves on has its own effect on theand robbing its severity.
weather. The different features of the land andMountain ranges also exert an influence on the
the sea exert quite a commendable influence onearth's weather. As a low pressure trough
the local and the global weather systems of theapproaches a mountain chain it moves upward
earth.and spread. With this the rotational speed of the
Huge water bodies absorb and release the heat inwind decreases and loses much of its strength.
a slow process. On the other hand the land massRain shadow effects are also caused by colossal
is quicker in its heating and cooling. This causes amountains. When an air current moves towards a
large difference in the temperature of night andmountain and is obstructed, it moves up and
day on land and around the sea. The minimumthere it condenses and comes down as rain. As a
and maximum temperatures are also recordedresult feet of high mountains are generally areas
faraway from the coastal areas.with heavy rainfall record.
Since during the day heating of the land massThe precipitation falls on the windward side or the
causes greater convection of air, clouds arepeaks. If the air reaches the leeward side of the
formed quicker over the land. Such distinctivemountain then they tend to lose their strength
features play significant roles even in theand sink and even dry up. As a result the leeward
production of different kinds of wind, from theside receives very scanty or no rainfall and
sea breezes to the monsoon winds.comes to be called a rain shadow region. The
A friction between the weather system and theeastern side of the Rockies and the central plain
land mass can also cause quite a change in theland in the US are some rain shadow areas. A rain
earth's weather. This is seen when hurricanesshadow zone with prolonged bout of no-rainfall
cause landfall and make a move onshore.can effect into the formation of deserts.