Photogrammetry Measurement

Photogrammetry is a scientific method ofareas:
measurements using photography. In essence, it is1. Far range and Close range photogrammetry.
a measurement technology using theThe far and close range depends on the camera
three-dimensional coordinates of points on anlens setting. For example, for close range, the lens
object are established through measurementssetting is kept at finite values and whereas for
taken using several (two to three) photographicfar range the lens is adjusted to infinite or
images taken from different angles. The outcomeindefinite setting.
is a map or drawing or a 3-dimensional model of2. The Aerial photogrammetry can be considered
an actual object or a scene. Most of the mapsas far range, on the other hand, the Terrestrial
available today are creation of PhotogrammetryPhotogrammetry is used for close range. In Aerial
or aerial photos taken using aircraft. Also, it canPhotogrammetry the camera is fixed to an
be considered as a reverse process whichaircraft and is adjusted vertically or towards the
convert the 2-dimensional photograph to a 3-Dground. Several multiple overlapping photographs
image.of the ground are captured when the aircraft
Photogrammetry is useful:o to establishglides along a flight path. Once the aerial photos
coordinates of the required object-pointsoare taken, these photos have to be processed
preparation of topographical and thematicallyusing a stereo-plotter (which is an instrument that
mapso developing rectified photographs orwill allow viewer to see two photos simultaneously
ortho-photos.photogramin a stereo view). These photos are also used to
The significant feature of photogrammetry is thatcreate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using a
without touching the objects measurements couldprocess.
be done. Another form of photogrammetry isIn close range Photogrammetry the camera is
Remote Sensing which was mainly focused onheld close to the object and is usually it is hand
working with aerial photography and satelliteheld or mounted on a tripod. The close range is
imaging. On broader sense, it is used for objectcommonly used for non-topographic surveys. In
interpretation and object measurement. Moreother words, it is used to produce drawings or
precisely, the Aerial photogrammetry is mainly3-D Models and cannot be considered producing
used to produce topographical or thematical mapstopographic maps or terrain models. This type is
or digital terrain models. The photogrammetry iscommonly used (with normal cameras) to model
very popular among architects, civil engineers,buildings, engineering structures, Vehicles, films,
archaeologist, police and military establishments.etc.
The photogrammetry can be classified into two