The Expansion of Heathrow Airport and Its Effect on the Environment

05 those in charge at Heathrow Airport officiallyemissions, most generally, but now official caps on
published a report that detailed plans for a thirda variety of harmful greenhouse gases.
runway and a sixth terminal, and in 2007, theWhen Ruth Kelly gave the green light to finalised
transport secretary of the time Ruth Kelly ratifiedplans for the project last year, she announced
the proposals, setting out in more specific termsthat it would not breach emissions guidelines
how the project aims would be achieved.because of advances in aircraft technology; but
The announcements were met with strongDr. Gunter Wilfert, part of the New Aero Engine
dissent. Some estimated that the constructionCore Concepts (NEWAC) team, suggests that
would mean the demolition of some 700 homes,engine technology for aeroplanes might develop
and others feared that its effect on pollutionmore slowly than is specifically needed for
levels would not be reconcilable.projects like the Heathrow case:
With Terminal 5 completed this year, critics are"Large sums of money have recently been
now voicing their concerns once again; Terminal 6committed in Europe to reducing the negative
is not due for completion until 2020, but it isenvironmental effects of aircraft use, and
suggested that it will bring British emissions levelsresearch is already developing technologies which
over its allocated limit. As reports show thatcan improve the performance of engine
Britain has the highest annual CO2 emissions fromcomponents. However, the limitations of the
air trips across the whole of Europe, the concernsexisting technologies mean that the industry
of critics are certainly not unfounded.cannot reach the goals set in the Vision 2020
Indeed the E.U have reportedly warned the Britishreport made by the Advisory Council of
government about Terminal 6 and the thirdAeronautical Research in Europe (ACARE). New
runway, believing that it may not concur with theirengine core configurations with heat management
pollution guidelines; their nitrogen oxide limits, whichand active systems, as well as advanced
come into force in 2010, and must be met bycombustor technology, have to be investigated to
2015, will hit dangerous levels in Britain if currentreduce CO2 and NOx [Nitrogen Oxide]
airport expansion goes ahead. The E.U have alsoemissions...NEWAC will validate the new
warned that expansions at Heathrow would puttechnologies in rigs or core engine demonstrators
nitrogen oxide levels far beyond the maximumbetween 2008 and 2010. This will enable the
limit, even when the caps are first brought intoengine manufacturer to introduce these innovative
force. That means that the government andtechnologies in the next generation of aero
Heathrow officials would have just five years toengines which will make it to market around the
reduce levels to the accepted maximum, and thatyears 2013-2015."
date corresponds with planned completionWhat is clear, then, is that NEWAC research does
estimates for Terminal 6.not concur with comments made over recent
In short, then, supporters of the expansionyears from supporters of the Heathrow
project will have a difficult time justifying the plansexpansions project; once again the initiatives that
given this apparent condemnation from Europe'swould reduce the emissions of Terminal 6 will only
governing body; the benefits of the project -come into effect after nitrogen oxide limits are in
increased revenue and improved job opportunities,force.
to name the perhaps the most significant -If expansion at Heathrow is to be a legitimate
struggle to outweigh the disadvantages that aresuccess, it is an issue that needs to be resolved
associated with increased air travel; CO2quickly and effectively.