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Cadastral surveys are a type of land survey used to determine land ownership and boundaries. Cadastral surveys are usually conducted by the government; the Public Land Survey System is one example of a large-scale cadastral survey. The term comes from the Latin 'Cadastre', or a registry of lands. Cadastral surveys date back hundreds of years. Often accepted as the first modern cadastral survey is Napoleon's Domesday Book in France. Knowing exactly where your boundaries are is important for many different activities. If you are considering building on your property, conduct a cadastral survey so that you can be sure you're not actually building on your neighbor's land. This type of survey can ensure...

Topography is generally known as the study of earths surface, and its features and shape. It also gives the description of the features (such as surface, shapes, vegetation cover & elevations), depicted in maps which are called "TOPO. In essence, topography mainly concerned with local details such as vegetative and man-made features including local history and culture. More specifically, topographic surveying involves the gathering information on terrain, three dimensional details of the surface including recognizing the specific landforms. In modern terms, it is the generation of data digitally or electronically. The outcome of topographic survey is the graphic representation of a given land...

Topographical surveys are very useful in public land surveys. This gives a clear picture of the topography of the land along with the natural features and the man made buildings in the particular piece of land. An exact figure regarding all the features of the land including its size, height and the natural changes that have occurred in course of time is obtained. It includes details about the fencing of land, the hills, trees and buildings in that area. All the hills, valleys and streams in the area can also be seen. Any other natural improvement that has been made in that area like, roads, bridges and railways are also marked. This kind of information is very important for people who are property...

The vagaries of traditional surveying methods are similar to the vagaries of a philosophical text: on paper the information seems implacable, but apply it to real life and contingencies suddenly abound. Similarly, just as a philosophy can undergo several revisions to enhance its applicability, a surveying project can require draft after draft to account for new complexities. However, whereas new writing simply requires more time, new survey results require both more time and more money. Therefore, for companies and organizations that need accurate survey results the first time around, high definition surveying becomes the optimal choice in terms of both time and money. In today's construction and...

When it comes to surveying, land surveyors know that their choice of equipment can be very important. Surveying is the science of determining the dimensions and contour of the earth's surface by measuring distance, directions and elevations. It is as old as recorded civilizations but has come a long way since then. Choosing surveying equipment is essential for getting proper readings. Surveying instruments have come along way since the very first surveys were done. Technology has made doing land surveying easier. It has also given us surveying instruments that could have only been dreamt of before. This means there are more options for surveyors to consider so you need to research all options to...

Although today land surveying often makes use of GPS, computer models, and other recent technical developments, the profession of surveying actually dates back centuries. Evidence of surveying techniques can be found throughout much of recorded history. In fact, land surveying principles date back nearly as far as the idea of land ownership. As soon as individuals or groups owned specified areas of land, there was a need to describe or delineate who owned what, particularly to solve land disputes. This is where land surveying came in, although of course today land surveying is utilized for many other purposes too. Ancient Egyptian surveying activities were particularly modern for their time period...

Archaeological surveying is a specialized type of land surveying conducted to accurately report the finds made in an archeological site or to show the relationship of the archaeological site to the landscape. This survey is generally undertaken at the request of archeologists or government agencies, and requires the use of GIS, GPS, aerial photography, and other methods. In most cases, these surveys are done as remotely as possible to avoid disturbing the archaeological site. While often undertaken at the conclusion of the excavation, one important use of archaeological land surveying comes before any of the area has been excavated. Land surveying methods can be used to find the sites prior to...

Land surveying is basically an art and science of mapping and measuring land. The entire scope of profession is wide; it actually boils down to calculate where the land boundaries are situated. This is very important as without this service, there would not have been railroads, skyscrapers could not have been erected and neither any individual could have put fences around their yards for not intruding other’s land. This service could be obtained by any field surveyor and the primary function of such surveyor is measuring, observing and mapping. This helps to determine boundary lines and get accurate measurements of your land with land survey. You need to go for it especially when you have...

Land surveying is considered world’s second-oldest profession. It is known as Geomatics in Canada and Europe. This profession started in Egypt and Babylonia. Basic meaning of surveying is nothing but the science of measuring and mapping relative positions above, on or under the surface of the earth, or establishing such positions from legal or technical documents.  Surveying is very important because without that railroad cannot be constructed, skyscrapers cannot be erected and homeowners cannot put fence around their yards. Would you approve if a highway was built in your backyard without your approval. Without the help of surveyor, would you know where does your backyard start and where does it...

Land Surveying in Alabama has a long history, dating back to colonial times. At one time, there were British, French, and Spanish settlements in the area of present-day Alabama, all at the same time. Its borders changed over and over from its first settlement in 1663 until Alabama became a state in 1821. With so many changes in Alabama's borders over time, it is no wonder that land surveying played a large role in the state's development. In fact, the first officially surveyed boundary of the United States, conducted by Major Andrew Ellicott from 1798 to 1800, ran through Alabama territory along the 31st parallel North. The only stone monument set by Major Ellicott during this survey, known as the...

There are many applications where optical survey equipment is being used today. Some of these are more commonly known than others. Most people know that surveys are done for land boundary disputes, but this technology is also used when archeologists are planning a dig. This is also used for crime scene or accident investigations. When natural disasters strike, insurance companies will require a building survey in order to pay off a claim. Total stations or the EMD, electrical measuring device, is the most commonly used measuring equipment that is used by these surveyors. These surveying instruments come with computers and the software to run them so that data can be easily stored. This reduced the...

Topographical surveys are very useful in public land surveys. This gives a clear picture of the topography of the land along with the natural features and the manmade buildings in the particular piece of land. An exact figure regarding all the features of the land including its size, height and the natural changes that have occurred in course of time is obtained. It includes details about the fencing of land, the hills, trees and buildings in that area. All the hills, valleys and streams in the area can also be seen. Any other natural improvement that has been made in that area like, roads, bridges and railways are also marked. This kind of information is very important for people who are property...

Prior to the Revolutionary War, what we know as Alabama was populated almost entirely by various Native American tribes. What few European settlers that were there were mostly clustered around the borders of other states, especially Georgia and Florida. At one time, Alabama was part of the British Province of Illinois, the British Province of Carolina, the British Province of West Florida, the Spanish colony of Florida, and the US Mississippi Territory. In fact, at one point, there were British, French, and Spanish settlements within its borders all at the same time. With its borders changing so often during its development, it's no wonder that land surveying played a large role in the time between...

In an industry involved in both art and science, it is sometimes difficult to have hard and fast rules that apply to every ethical situation. But there is a clear set of guidelines that every respectable and honorable land surveyor should follow: First and foremost, every land surveyor should always approach their work with a devotion to fairness, courtesy and personal honor towards all parties involved. The land surveyor is depended upon to be a neutral party the people can turn to who will make their best assessment possible given the evidence they are given. With regards to dealings with clients, surveyors should avoid any professional impropriety in any aspect of their business. They should...

Land surveyors once used tape measures and transits to measure distances and positions. Since the 1980s, electronic distance measurement, or EDM, devices have allowed for much more efficient and accurate measurements. These use a wave of energy that is shot between the EDM instrument and a reflector. The time the beam takes to return is then calculated as distance. Today, such calculations can be done using sophisticated GPS systems. The Global Positioning System uses a network of satellites to precisely pinpoint the device's location on Earth at any moment. GPS uses the principle of trilateration, using the location of several satellites to pinpoint an exact location. A receiver can determine the...

Surveying has played a large role in Georgia since before statehood. Georgia's land surveyors have been instrumental in shaping the state, from power shifts before the Revolutionary War to policies regarding land distribution in the early nineteenth century, to rebuilding the state in the aftermath of the Civil War. The first surveys begun in what would become the state of Georgia were conducted by Spanish explorers who charted the coastline. Next, French Jesuits would survey the lands further inland. One of the first British settlers, Dr. Henry Woodard, would later be credited with mapping and exploring much of present-day Georgia. Later surveying efforts were related to land distribution following...

e rich history of the state of Georgia, land surveying has played a large role since before its inception. From weathering the shifts in power and policy regarding land distribution to rebuilding the devastating destruction across the entire state in the wake of the Civil War, Georgia’s land surveyors have been instrumental in literally shaping the state into the Georgia we know today. The first land surveyors to chart Georgia were actually Spanish seafaring explorers. The first surveys completed on the land that is present-day Georgia were geodetic surveys which charted the coast. French Jesuits would later move farther inland, charting the geography they came across as they went. Dr. Henry...

Are you acquainted with the term 'land surveyors'? If not, then let me tell you that they are regarded as professionals who make use of the method of finding out the position of a point in a three-dimensional context. They make use of co-ordinate geometry, knowledge of engineering, trigonometry and mathematics for determining the distances as well as the angles between different points. They have a lot of knowledge and expertise in this area and can even find out the soil characteristics below the land's surface. Land surveying, considered as the science of surveying, is very much essential for the purpose of construction of buildings of all types, transportations, as well as communications. But the...

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A Surveying Abstract Site surveys are conducted for a number of reasons. These include the need to produce a map of an area, to determine the exact dimensions of an area, and to establish the parameters of a building zone. The process of surveying an unimproved site is one of the first things to be done prior to construction, whether one is planning an office building, a stretch of retail stores, or a housing development. Surveyors are called upon to capture an as-is picture of the site in question, noting natural features such as hills and slopes, valleys and rifts, and bodies of water. Once land developers have completed an initial site plan that will accommodate the structure(s) to be built, a...

Riparian rights, also known as littoral rights or riparian water rights, is a system of allocating water when multiple landowners possess land around the source of the water. With origins in English common law, Riparian rights exist in many countries, including Canada and Australia, as well as many states within the United States, particularly in the eastern half of the country. The general principle of riparian water rights holds that all landowners with property adjacent to a body of water (such as a lake or river) have the right to make reasonable use of this water. This not only includes water up to the boundaries of a submerged property line, but also additional rights to water beyond the...

As the economy has slowed down over the past year so has the housing market and house prices have started to fall. The economic crisis has made property development an even more risky business than it was before and the effect has also been felt with commercial properties and development. As profit margins in development projects are shortened it is has become even more imperative to ensure that as a developer you know exactly what you are letting yourself in for when starting a new project or refurbishing an existing property. Carrying out a thorough land survey at the start of a project can provide the accurate information needed to ensure that any development work gets off to the best possible...

Are you considering having a land survey done on your property? There are many survey related misconceptions that can steer you the wrong way. Here is the truth about 7 common surveying myths: Land surveys aren't necessary if you can find the survey stakes - If you find the survey stakes from a previous survey, all you know is that there was a previous surveyor who determined that this location was on the edge of the property. The land surveyor you hire can tell you if what you've found is really your property line; you may be surprised to learn that in many cases, what you think is a surveying monument may not be it at all. Plus, your findings won't hold up in court, but a licensed land surveyor's...

Global Positioning System The Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only fully functional Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Utilizing a constellation of at least 24 medium Earth orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, the system enables a GPS receiver to determine its location, speed/direction, and time. Developed by the United States Department of Defense, it is officially named NAVSTAR GPS (Contrary to popular belief, NAVSTAR is not an acronym, but simply a name given by Mr. John Walsh, a key decision maker when it came to the budget for the GPS program[1]). The satellite constellation is managed by the United States Air Force 50th Space Wing. The cost of maintaining...

f the challenges faced when using traditional land surveying methods is the necessity of surveying areas that are covered by thick vegetation. Some surveying projects require the measurement of such vegetation, while most applications require measurement of the terrain itself, rather than the vegetation covering this terrain. Topographic surveys may or may not require the measurement of vegetation, depending on their intended purpose. When on the ground, land surveyors may find that traditional surveying equipment is blocked by large trees or other obstructions. They may even be unable to traverse the land because of steep hills, inconvenient streams, or other natural or man-made features. Combined...

In the nearly 25 years that I've been a land surveyor I've been contacted by thousands of property owners looking to have their land surveyed. All too often they make their decisions based on only one factor, price; which often leads to dissatisfaction with their choice and sometimes a less than quality survey, too. The following 10 tips are developed from my experience and will help you in hiring the right professional land surveyor to survey your land. 1. Is the person you're hiring licensed to perform professional land surveying services? - Professional Land Surveyors are required to be licensed by the state they work or offer services in. If you hire someone to survey your land that isn't...

A land surveyor is the government authorized specialist who is licensed to determine boundary line measurements of land. Land surveyors always play an essential role for successful land surveying. They are always needed before starting the construction work of any building or bridge. Experienced and licensed land surveyors are always in high demand due to the following reasons: Only licensed land surveyor torrents can provide a map of his survey to define your property. Only the surveys made by licensed and registered Land Surveyors are legal and acceptable in courts. The land surveyors perform different sorts of surveys such as land title surveys, Boundary Surveys, horizontal and vertical control...

If you are planning on building a new building or rehabilitating an existing building, chances are that you will need to contract with a surveying company to ensure that your new or existing building fulfills its design intent. If so, you will find that you have two options when it comes to hiring a surveying provider: you can hire a company that uses traditional surveying methods or you can hire a company that offers 3D laser imaging. Because laser imaging-also referred to as laser scanning-is a relatively recent development in the history of surveying, some companies feel that they are erring on the side of caution when they choose traditional surveying over laser scanning. Nothing could be...